多弧离子镀工艺对硬质合金PCB铣刀涂层性能的影响

杨小璠; 林海洋; 陈艺聪; 纪荣杰; 沈志煌; 李凌祥

doi:10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2022.0123

多弧离子镀工艺对硬质合金PCB铣刀涂层性能的影响

doi: 10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2022.0123

1.
集美大学海洋装备机械工程学院, 福建厦门 361021
2.
厦门慧至拓数字制造技术研究院, 福建厦门 361100

基金项目: 福建省高校产学研合作项目(2022H6030) ；福建省自然科学基金(2021J01853) ; 福厦泉自创区协同专项(3502ZCQXT2021004)

详细信息

作者简介:
杨小璠，女，1972年生，副教授。主要研究方向：先进制造技术。E-mail：yangxf@jmu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TG71; TG135.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-08
- 修回日期: 2023-01-18
- 录用日期: 2023-02-10
- 网络出版日期: 2023-12-07
- 刊出日期: 2023-10-20

Effect of multi-arc ion plating process on coating performance of cemented carbide PCB milling cutter

1.
College of Marine Equipment and Mechanical Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
2.
Xiamen Wisdom-Top Digital Manufacturing Technology Research Institute, Xiamen 361100, Fujian, China

摘要

摘要: 在硬质合金PCB(printed circuit board)铣刀表面制备高性能的硬质涂层，可以改善切削过程中刀具快速磨损的问题。采用多弧离子镀涂层技术在YG06硬质合金试片及PCB铣刀基体上分别制备AlCrN单涂层、CrN/AlCrN复合涂层以及AlCrSiN/AlCrN纳米复合涂层，利用压痕仪及扫描电镜分析观察3种涂层的力学性能及形貌特征，且在相同条件下对3种PCB涂层铣刀进行涂层性能对比试验，分析刀具磨损机理。结果表明：3种工艺方案的涂层均有较好的膜基结合力；AlCrSiN/AlCrN纳米复合涂层铣刀使用寿命最长，约为CrN/AlCrN复合涂层铣刀的1.5倍，AlCrN单涂层铣刀的1.9倍；且其涂层的致密性和表面质量最好，更适用于IT158覆铜板的高速切削加工。
- PCB /
- 多弧离子镀 /
- AlCrSiN/AlCrN纳米复合涂层 /
- 铣削 /
- 刀具寿命
Abstract: The preparation of a high-performance hard coating on the surface of a carbide PCB (Printed Circuit Board) milling cutter can address the issue of rapid tool wear during cutting. In this study, AlCrN single coating, CrN/AlCrN composite coating and AlCrSiN/AlCrN composite coating were prepared on YG06 cemented carbide specimens and PCB milling cutter substrates by a multi-arc ion plating process, respectively. The mechanical properties and morphological characteristics of the three coatings were observed and analyzed using an indenter and a scanning electron microscope. The above three coated milling cutters were tested under the same conditions, and the coating performance and the tool wear mechanism were compared and analyzed. The results show that the coatings prepared by the above three processes exhibit good film-base adhesion, with the AlCrSiN/AlCrN composite coating milling cutter having the longest service life — approximately 1.5 times that of the CrN/AlCrN coating milling cutter and 1.9 times that of the AlCrN single coating milling cutter. The AlCrSiN/AlCrN composite coating demonstrates the best compactness and surface quality, making it more suitable for high-speed machining of PCB (IT158 copper-clad laminate).
- PCB /
- multi-arc ion plating /
- AlCrSiN/AlCrN nano composite coating /
- milling /
- tool life

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图 1 试验中使用的铣刀

Figure 1. Milling cutter used in the test

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图 2 靶材分布示意图

Figure 2. Distribution of target materials

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图 3 涂层压痕形貌

Figure 3. Coating indentation morphology

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图 4 不同涂层工艺的铣刀表面形貌图

Figure 4. Surface topography of milling cutters with different coating processes

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图 5 不同涂层工艺的铣刀截面形貌图

Figure 5. Cross-sectional topography of milling cutters with different coating processes

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图 6 圆周刃后刀面磨损曲线图

Figure 6. Flank wear curve of circumferential edge

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图 7 不同涂层工艺的铣刀圆周刃磨损形貌

Figure 7. Wear morphology of milling cutter circumferential edge with different coating processes

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图 8 不同涂层工艺的铣刀圆周刃后刀面磨损形貌

Figure 8. Flank wear morphology of the milling cutter with different coating processes

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表 1 刀具基体信息表

Table 1. Base parameters of tools

刀具规格 (刃径 × 刃长 × 全长)	刀具基体材料	刀具参数
刀具规格 (刃径 × 刃长 × 全长)	刀具基体材料	齿数 n	螺旋角 (右) α/（°）	圆周前角 β /（°）	圆周后角 γ /（°）
ϕ1.0 mm× 9.0 mm× 38.1 mm	YG06	6	30	−3	15

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表 2 沉积工艺参数

Table 2. Deposition process parameters

方案	沉积时间 t min	工作压强 p Pa	基体偏压 (负值) U V	N₂ 流量 q cm³/min	靶材电流 I A
方案	沉积时间 t min	工作压强 p Pa	基体偏压 (负值) U V	N₂ 流量 q cm³/min	Cr	AlCr	AlCrSi	AlCr
A	90	4	40～150	250		150		150
B	60	4	40～150	250	90	150		150
C	60	4	40～150	250		150	200	150

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表 3 PCB的铣削加工条件

Table 3. Milling conditions of PCB milling cutter

加工参数	取值
主轴转速 n / (r·min⁻¹)	42×10³
行刀速度 v_f / (mm·s⁻¹)	4
下刀速度 v_d / (m·min⁻¹)	0.3
退刀速度 v_t / ( m·min⁻¹)	10
切削深度 a_p / mm	6
切削方式	槽铣
冷却方式	气冷

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参考文献(12)

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