A new kind of anvil with high strength and densing was machined by self-designed vitrified bonded diamond grinding wheel that low diamond concentration was designed for flat surface processing and high concentration for circumferential surface processing, and the machining performance were compared with that by resin bond diamond wheel.The results show that the sharpness of vitrified bonded diamond wheel was higher than that of resin bond diamond wheel under the same conditions, the processing speed was faster, and the heat generated by grinding was much lower than that of resin bond wheel. In surface grinding, the better surface roughness using vitrified bond grinding wheel was obtained by ways of adjusting machining parameters and fine diamond grit. In cylindrical grinding, the processing efficiency of vitrified bond wheel was increased by about 50% compared with that of resin bond wheel and vitrified bond diamond wheel had higher cost-conformance when its concentration came to 200%.