不同造粒工艺和粉末粒径对混合粉料中金刚石分布均匀性的影响

马争辉; 胡婷; 罗文; 方志; 罗凤

doi:10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2023.0191

不同造粒工艺和粉末粒径对混合粉料中金刚石分布均匀性的影响

doi: 10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2023.0191

长沙百通新材料科技有限公司, 长沙 410600

详细信息

作者简介:
马争辉，男，1990年生。主要研究方向：粉末冶金制品。E-mail：mzh823816@163.com

通讯作者:
胡婷，女，1996年生，硕士。主要研究方向：超硬材料。E-mail：1255416147@qq.com

中图分类号: TQ164; TF124
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- 文章访问数: 114
- HTML全文浏览量: 75
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-13
- 修回日期: 2024-03-02
- 录用日期: 2024-03-13
- 刊出日期: 2025-04-20

Effect of different granulation processes and powder particle sizes on uniformity of diamond distribution in the mixed powder

Changsha Beto New Material Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410600, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究不同造粒工艺和粉末粒径对混合粉料中金刚石分布均匀性的影响，以同一种预混合粉料为原料，分别通过圆盘造粒、冷压破碎造粒、扩散破碎造粒3种方法进行造粒，并对3种造粒工艺的粉末通过筛分方法，获得各工艺下的180～380 μm、120～180 μm及75～120 μm粒径的试样，研究不同造粒工艺和不同粉末粒径对混合粉料中250～380 μm粒径金刚石分布的影响。结果表明：圆盘造粒获得的是仿球形粉末，冷压破碎造粒获得的是不规则形状粉末且其表面可分辨出原始颗粒形貌，扩散破碎造粒获得的是不规则复杂形状粉末；在同一造粒工艺条件下，均为180～380 μm混合粉料试样中金刚石的分布均匀性最好；在同一粒径区间条件下，均为扩散破碎造粒的混合粉料试样中金刚石的分布均匀性最好。
- 造粒工艺 /
- 松比 /
- 流速 /
- 形貌 /
- 粒径 /
- 金刚石分布
Abstract: Objectives With the rapid development of diamond tool quality and varieties, the requirements for diamond tool properties are increasingly rigorous, and the uniformity of diamond distribution in diamond tools is an important index affecting its performance. The imperfect granulation process of mixed powder containing diamond is one of the reasons for the uneven distribution of diamond in diamond tools. By studying the secondary particle morphology obtained by different granulation processes and the influence of mixed powder with different particle sizes on the uniform distribution of diamond, the distribution uniformity of diamond in the mixed powder is improved, so as to improve the performance of diamond tools. Methods Using the same premixed powder as raw material, three different granulation processes—disk granulation, cold press crushing granulation, and diffusion crushing granulation—were used to carry out experiments. The powders of the three granulation processes were sieved using stainless steel standard sieves, and the particle size samples of 180 to 380 μm, 120 to 180 μm, and 75 to 120 μm were obtained under the same process. The effects of different granulation processes and different powder particle sizes on the distribution of 250 to 380 μm diamond in the same mixed powder were studied. At the same time, the nine-point sampling method was used to sample. The actual numbers of diamond particles in each sample were counted manually, the actual numbers of particles were compared with the calculated theoretical numbers of diamond particles and the deviation values were obtained. The averages and the ranges of the deviation values were used to determine the uniformity of diamond distribution in the mixed powder containing diamond. Results (1) From the morphology of the powder particles, it can be seen that the circular granulation produces spherical-shaped powder, the cold press crushing granulation produces irregularly shaped powder with distinguishable original particle morphology on its surface, and the diffusion crushing granulation produces irregularly complex shaped powder. (2) The loose packing ratio of powder produced by cold press crushing granulation is the highest, while the loose packing ratio of powder produced by disk granulation and diffusion crushing granulation is not significantly different. Under the same granulation process, the loose packing ratio of large particles is smaller, but as the particle size decreases, the influence of particle size becomes smaller. The flow rate of disk granulation is the highest and decreases with the decrease of particle size, but the flow rate of cold press crushing granulation is the lowest and the change is not significant, while the flow rate of diffusion crushing granulation is in the middle. (3) Under the same granulation process conditions, the distribution uniformity of diamond in mixed powder samples of 180 to 380 μm with three different granulation processes is the best. Under the same particle size range conditions, the distribution uniformity of diamond is the best in the mixed powder samples which are all diffusion crushing granulation. Compared with the diamond distribution in the different particle size mixed powder of the three methods of granulation process, the distribution of diamond controlled in the particle size interval of 180 to 380 μm by diffusion granulation process is the best. Conclusions The influences of the same kind of premixed powder on the distribution of diamond in the mixed powders under different granulation process conditions and different particle sizes is studied, and the following conclusions are drawn: (1) The particle morphology of different granulation processes is different. The powder particle morphology of disk granulation is a pseudo-spherical shape like "potato", the powder particle morphology of cold press crushing granulation is irregular shape and the surface can distinguish the original particle morphology, and the powder particle morphology of diffusion crushing granulation is complex irregular shape. (2) Under the same granulation process conditions, the distribution uniformity of diamond in the mixed powder with particle size of 180 to 380 μm (original particle size of 250 to 380 μm) is obviously better than that of the mixed powders with particle size of 120 to 180 μm and 75 to 120 μm. (3) Under the condition of the same particle size range, the distribution uniformity of diamond in the mixed powder under the diffusion crushing granulation is obviously better than that under the disk granulation process and the cold press crushing granulation process.
- granulating process /
- apparent density /
- flowability /
- morphology /
- particle size /
- diamond distribution

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图 1 圆盘造粒工艺流程

Figure 1. Disk granulation process flow

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图 2 冷压破碎造粒工艺流程

Figure 2. Cold crushing granulation process flow

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图 3 扩散破碎造粒工艺流程

Figure 3. Diffusion crushing granulation process flow

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图 4 9点取样法

Figure 4. Nine points sampling method

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图 5 圆盘造粒工艺制备的混合料A的形貌

Figure 5. Morphology of mixture A prepared by disk granulation process

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图 6 冷压破碎造粒工艺制备的混合料B的形貌

Figure 6. Morphology of mixture B prepared by cold pressing crushing granulation process

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图 7 扩散破碎造粒工艺制备的混合料C的形貌

Figure 7. Morphology of mixture C prepared by diffusion crushing granulation process

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图 8 不同造粒工艺和不同粒度分布的粉末性能对比

Figure 8. Comparison of powder properties with different granulation processes and different particle size distributions

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图 9 不同造粒工艺和不同粉末粒径下的金刚石分布均匀性

Figure 9. Uniformity of diamond distribution under different granulation processes and powder particle sizes

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表 1 实验方案

Table 1. Plans of experiment

造粒工艺	粒径 d / μm
造粒工艺	180～380	120～180	75～120
圆盘造粒	A₁	A₂	A₃
冷压破碎造粒	B₁	B₂	B₃
扩散破碎造粒	C₁	C₂	C₃

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表 2 圆盘制粒工艺混合粉料中金刚石分布检测数据

Table 2. Diamond distribution detection data of mixed powder through disk granulation


上层
粉料编号	粉料质量 m / g	实际金刚石颗粒数 n₁	理论金刚石颗粒数 n₂	理论偏差 δ / %
A₁₁	1.181	386	388	−0.52
	0.896	324	294	10.20
	0.902	265	296	−10.47
	0.973	305	320	−4.69
	0.981	361	322	12.11
	0.956	320	314	1.91
	1.007	379	331	14.50
	0.921	298	303	−1.65
	1.177	339	387	−12.40
A₂₂	1.020	280	335	−16.42
	1.125	343	370	−7.30
	0.999	371	328	13.11
	0.890	236	292	−19.18
	1.003	288	329	−12.46
	1.084	304	356	−14.61
	0.901	290	296	−2.03
	1.070	268	351	−23.65
	1.037	409	341	19.94
A₃₃	1.202	288	395	−27.09
	1.108	270	364	−25.82
	1.149	432	377	14.59
	0.950	321	312	2.88
	0.992	299	326	−8.28
	1.061	288	349	−17.48
	1.074	252	353	−28.61
	1.206	409	396	3.28
	1.096	371	360	3.06
中层
粉料编号	粉料质量 m / g	实际金刚石颗粒数 n₁	理论金刚石颗粒数 n₂	理论偏差 δ / %
A₁₁	0.890	248	292	−15.07
	1.153	429	379	13.19
	1.126	324	370	−12.43
	0.944	303	310	−2.26
	1.056	388	347	11.82
	1.124	357	369	−3.25
	1.023	295	336	−12.20
	0.928	256	305	−16.07
	0.864	302	284	6.34
中层
A₂₂	0.942	361	309	16.83
	0.975	243	320	−24.06
	1.129	319	371	−14.02
	0.915	267	301	−11.30
	1.076	275	353	−22.10
	0.955	258	314	−17.83
	1.172	352	385	−8.57
	1.112	296	365	−18.90
	1.107	281	364	−22.80
A₃₃	1.210	376	397	−5.29
	1.162	385	382	0.79
	0.865	210	284	−26.06
	0.908	212	298	−28.86
	1.153	295	379	−22.16
	0.893	201	293	−31.40
	1.137	338	373	−9.38
	1.015	245	333	−26.43
	1.142	307	375	−18.13
下层
粉料编号	粉料质量 m / g	实际金刚石颗粒数 n₁	理论金刚石颗粒数 n₂	理论偏差 δ / %
A₁₁	0.879	241	289	−16.61
	1.135	373	373	0.00
	1.162	344	382	−9.95
	1.167	450	383	17.49
	1.119	330	368	−10.33
	0.996	323	327	−1.22
	1.146	350	376	−6.91
	0.917	277	301	−7.97
	0.908	330	298	10.74
A₂₂	1.052	282	346	−18.50
	1.095	337	360	−6.39
	1.094	421	359	17.27
	0.968	255	318	−19.81
	0.961	279	316	−11.71
	1.143	397	375	5.87
	1.095	379	360	5.28
	0.971	243	319	−23.82
	0.965	368	317	16.09
A₃₃	1.198	316	394	−19.80
	0.992	304	326	−6.75
	1.122	355	369	−3.79
	1.043	248	343	−27.70
	0.869	370	285	29.82
	0.871	194	286	−32.17
	0.957	318	314	1.27
	1.062	371	349	6.30
	1.185	363	389	−6.68

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表 3 冷压破碎制粒工艺混合粉料中金刚石分布检测数据

Table 3. Diamond distribution detection data of mixed powder through cold crushing granulation


上层
粉料编号	粉料质量 m / g	实际金刚石颗粒数 n₁	理论金刚石颗粒数 n₂	理论偏差 δ / %
B₁₁	1.102	346	362	−4.42
	1.101	354	362	−2.21
	1.164	390	382	2.09
	1.144	389	376	3.46
	0.857	258	282	−8.51
	0.855	277	281	−1.42
	0.882	259	290	−10.69
	0.992	315	326	−3.37
	1.064	358	350	2.29
B₂₂	0.956	262	314	−16.56
	1.065	390	350	11.43
	1.206	396	396	0.00
	0.907	313	298	5.03
	1.061	321	349	−8.02
	0.982	320	323	−0.93
	1.033	294	339	−13.27
	0.912	358	300	19.33
	0.904	275	297	−7.41
B₃₃	1.090	386	358	7.82
	0.968	368	318	15.72
	1.008	319	331	−3.63
	1.169	461	384	20.05
	1.191	402	391	2.81
	1.157	460	380	21.05
	0.858	362	282	28.37
	1.100	361	361	0.00
	0.910	383	299	28.09
中层
粉料编号	粉料质量 m / g	实际金刚石颗粒数 n₁	理论金刚石颗粒数 n₂	理论偏差 δ / %
B₁₁	0.988	347	325	6.77
	1.165	395	383	3.13
	1.114	323	366	−11.75
	1.005	362	330	9.70
	0.916	300	301	−0.33
	1.070	373	351	6.27
	0.877	329	288	14.24
	0.901	292	296	−1.35
	0.941	272	309	−11.97
B₂₂	0.853	314	280	12.14
	1.122	365	369	−1.08
	1.019	370	335	10.45
	1.176	396	386	2.59
	0.855	248	281	−11.74
	1.133	343	372	−7.80
	0.882	266	290	−8.28
	1.056	410	347	18.16
	1.044	284	343	−17.20
中层
B₃₃	0.960	262	315	−16.83
	0.896	374	294	27.21
	0.899	342	295	15.93
	1.137	446	373	19.57
	0.874	270	287	−5.92
	1.026	300	337	−10.98
	0.987	374	324	15.43
	0.873	284	287	−1.05
	0.923	368	303	21.45
下层
粉料编号	粉料质量 m / g	实际金刚石颗粒数 n₁	理论金刚石颗粒数 n₂	理论偏差 δ / %
B₁₁	1.140	415	374	10.96
	0.865	258	284	−9.15
	0.960	287	315	−8.89
	1.103	366	362	1.10
	1.131	352	372	−5.38
	1.197	392	393	−0.25
	0.957	302	314	−3.82
	0.903	330	297	11.11
	1.102	383	362	5.80
B₂₂	1.125	347	370	−6.22
	1.148	379	377	0.53
	0.908	274	298	−8.05
	1.090	295	358	−17.60
	0.972	289	319	−9.40
	0.911	312	299	4.35
	0.860	318	282	12.77
	0.864	250	284	−11.97
	1.018	280	334	−16.17
B₃₃	0.917	261	301	−13.29
	1.204	290	395	−26.58
	1.008	340	331	2.72
	1.141	423	375	12.80
	0.995	362	327	10.70
	1.029	376	338	11.24
	0.867	338	285	18.60
	1.022	388	336	15.48
	0.962	393	316	24.37

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表 4 扩散破碎制粒工艺混合粉料中金刚石分布检测数据

Table 4. Diamond distribution detection data of mixed powder through diffusion crushing granulation


上层
粉料编号	粉料质量 m / g	实际金刚石颗粒数 n₁	理论金刚石颗粒数 n₂	理论偏差 δ / %
C₁₁	1.175	412	386	6.74
	0.897	286	295	−3.05
	1.080	360	355	1.41
	0.876	314	288	9.03
	0.904	289	297	−2.69
	1.197	373	393	−5.09
	0.927	312	305	2.30
	1.001	316	329	−3.95
	0.982	348	323	7.74
C₂₂	0.862	286	283	1.06
	1.096	381	360	5.83
	0.960	288	315	−8.57
	0.924	289	304	−4.93
	1.002	303	329	−7.90
	0.856	247	281	−12.10
	0.976	334	321	4.05
	0.863	259	283	−8.48
	1.193	404	392	3.06
C₃₃	0.919	324	302	7.28
	1.191	468	391	19.69
	0.967	267	318	−16.04
	0.875	277	287	−3.48
	0.963	309	316	−2.22
	0.894	306	294	4.08
	1.048	400	344	16.28
	1.165	391	383	2.09
	0.960	379	315	20.32
中层
粉料编号	粉料质量 m / g	实际金刚石颗粒数 n₁	理论金刚石颗粒数 n₂	理论偏差 δ / %
C₁₁	1.024	354	336	5.36
	1.140	397	374	6.15
	0.891	271	293	−7.51
	0.913	288	300	−4.00
	1.060	341	348	−2.01
	0.925	300	304	−1.32
	1.056	370	347	6.63
	0.853	280	280	0.00
	0.990	306	325	−5.85
C₂₂	1.172	351	385	−8.83
	0.887	288	291	−1.03
	1.040	352	342	2.92
	1.046	324	344	−5.81
	0.923	334	303	10.23
	1.207	422	396	6.57
	1.070	375	351	6.84
	0.923	281	303	−7.26
	1.175	416	386	7.77
中层
C₃₃	1.185	359	389	−7.71
	1.074	400	353	13.31
	0.944	347	310	11.94
	0.910	351	299	17.39
	0.997	311	327	−4.89
	0.883	328	290	13.10
	1.047	418	344	21.51
	0.988	326	325	0.31
	0.873	254	287	−11.50
下层
粉料编号	粉料质量 m / g	实际金刚石颗粒数 n₁	理论金刚石颗粒数 n₂	理论偏差 δ / %
C₁₁	0.871	264	286	−7.69
	1.065	339	350	−3.14
	0.969	293	318	−7.86
	1.034	327	340	−3.82
	0.853	277	280	−1.07
	1.000	333	328	1.52
	0.936	335	307	9.12
	1.144	348	376	−7.45
	0.940	332	309	7.44
C₂₂	0.949	338	312	8.33
	0.882	258	290	−11.03
	1.039	374	341	9.68
	0.859	312	282	10.64
	0.942	328	309	6.15
	1.072	353	352	0.28
	1.114	341	366	−6.83
	1.127	349	370	−5.68
	1.167	381	383	−0.52
C₃₃	0.959	297	315	−5.71
	1.061	417	349	19.48
	0.858	329	282	16.67
	0.983	305	323	−5.57
	1.037	417	341	22.29
	0.862	320	283	13.07
	1.051	361	345	4.64
	1.084	411	356	15.45
	0.936	302	307	−1.63

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